Salix humboldtiana Willd.
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Article from New Trees, Ross Bayton & John Grimshaw
New Trees
Salix humboldtianaWilld.
Chilean Willow
Synonyms: S. chilensis Molina
Tree to 18 m, 0.2–0.8 m dbh; of upright, almost fastigiate habit, but when in leaf the crown becomes pendulous. Bark greyish, thick and deeply furrowed. Branchlets slender, ribbed and grey. Leaves deciduous, 3–10(–15) × 0.5–1.5 cm, linear-lanceolate, vivid green to silver and glabrous on both surfaces, lateral veins indistinct, margins serrate, apex acuminate; petiole 0.1–0.15 cm long, slightly pubescent; stipules absent, or small and caducous. Inflorescences coetaneous, pendulous, borne on leafy axillary branchlets 5–7 cm long. Staminate catkins 3–10 0.6–1 cm, bracts tawny, stamens five to eight per flower. Pistillate catkins shorter. Capsule brown, 0.4–0.5 cm long. Flowering September to November, fruiting October to December (Chile). Rodríguez R. et al. 1983, Newsholme 1992. Distribution ARGENTINA; BOLIVIA; BRAZIL; CHILE; COLOMBIA; COSTA RICA; ECUADOR; EL SALVADOR; GUATEMALA; HONDURAS; MEXICO; NICARAGUA; PANAMA; PERU. Naturalised across the Caribbean and in Australia. Habitat Wetlands by rivers, lakes and estuaries, between 0 and 600 m asl. USDA Hardiness Zone 9–10. Conservation status Not evaluated. Illustration Rodríguez R. et al. 1983; NT769. Taxonomic note Newsholme (1992) maintains S. chilensis as distinct from S. humboldtiana, though he suggests that it may be a hybrid, with S. humboldtiana and the European S. alba (introduced into Argentina in the early-twentieth century) as the parents.
Salix humboldtiana is bluntly described by Newsholme (1992) as ‘rather coarse, without any special ornamental quality’, and he says that it is very susceptible to frost. It is regarded as an invasive weed in Australia and in parts of the Caribbean (Global Compendium of Weeds 2007). With all this encouragement it is improbable that it would be widely planted even if material became available. It is however well established at Benmore, from a collection made in Chile (Región X) in 1997 by M. Gardner and A. Newton (no. 46). The denigrated Australian weed is apparently principally a fastigiate male clone, ‘Pyramidalis’, spreading vegetatively (Weeds Australia 2008).
S. humilis Marshall B269, K288
S. hylematica C.K. Schneid. K289
S. integra Thunb. B295, S485, K289
S. interior Rowlee B271, K289
S. irrorata Andersson B279, K289
S. japonica Thunb. B279, K289
S. jessoensis Seem. B280, K289
S. kangensis Nakai B269
S. kinuyanagi Kimura B311, K289
S. kitaibeliana Willd. K289
S. koreensis Andersson B280
S. koriyanagi Kimura B295, K289
S. laggeri Wimm. K289
S. lanata L. B281, K289
S. lanata × S. repens B282
S. ×lanceolata Sm. K290
S. lapponum L. B282, K290
S. lapponum var. daphneola Tausch K290
S. lasiandra Benth. B283, K290
S. lasiolepis Benth. B279, K290
S. ×laurina Sm. K291
S. lindleyana Andersson B283, K291
S. lucida Muhl. B284, K291
S. lutea (NOW S. rigida Muhl. var. mackenziana (Raup.) Cronq.) B300
S. mackenziana (NOW S. rigida Muhl. var. mackenziana (Raup.) Cronq.) B300
S. magnifica Hemsl. B284, K291
S. matsudana Koidz. B284, K291
S. medwedewii Makino K291
S. melanostachys Makino K291
S. ×meyeriana Rostk. B286, K291
S. microstachya Turcz. ex Trautv. B312, K291
S. mielichoferi Sauter B290, K291
S. missouriensis Bebb B300
S. miyabeana Seem. B295, K291
S. ×mollissima Ehrh. B286, S485, K292
S. ×moorei F.B. White K292
S. moupinensis Franch. B287, K292
S. myrsinites L. B287, K292
S. myrtilloides L. B288, K292
S. nakamurana var. yezoalpina (Koidz.) Kimura B288
S. nigra Marshall B289, K293
S. nigra var. falcata (Pursh) Rehder K293
S. nigricans (NOW S. myrsinifolia Salisb.) B289, S485, K293
S. nipponica Franch. & Sav. B310
S. nivalis Hook. K293
S. ×ovata Ser. S484
S. oxica Dode K293
S. pedicellata Desf. B308, K293
S. pentandra L. B290, K294
S. petiolaris Sm. B291, K294
S. petrophila Rydb. K294
S. phylicifolia L. B292, S485, K294
S. planifolia Pursh B292
S. polaris Wahlenb. B278, K294
S. ×pontederana Willd. B294, K294
S. pulchra (NOW S. daphnoides Vill. ‘Pulchra’) B292, K294
S. purpurea subsp. amplexicaulis (Bory & Chaub.) C.K. Schneid. K295
S. purpurea f. gracilis (NOW S. purpurea var. gracilis C.K. Schneid.) B293
S. purpurea subsp. lambertiana Sm. K295
S. purpurea var. lambertiana (NOW S. purpurea subsp. lambertiana Sm.) B293
S. purpurea var. sericea (Ser.) K. Koch K295
S. pyrenaica Gouan B295, K295
S. pyrifolia Andersson B296, K295
S. pyrolifolia Ledeb. K295
S. rehderiana C.K. Schneid. B302, K296
S. ×reichardtii A. Kern. B266
S. reinii Franch. & Sav. ex Seem. B274
S. repens L. B296, K296
S. repens subsp. argentea (NOW S. arenaria L.) B297
S. repens var. fusca (L.) Wimm. & Grab. B297, S486
S. reptans Rupr. K296
S. reticulata L. B298, K296
S. retusa L. B299, K296
S. rigida Muhl. B300
S. rosmarinifolia L. B297, K297
S. rotundifolia Trautv. K297
S. ×rubens Schrank B272, K297
S. ×rubra Huds. B301, K297
S. sachalinensis Fr. Schmidt B302, K297
S. ×sadleri Syme B278
S. safsaf Forsk. K297
S. ×salamonii Carrière K297
S. salviifolia Brot. K297
S. saximontana Rydb. K297
S. schwerinii E. Wolf B311
Recommended citation
'Salix humboldtiana' from the website Trees and Shrubs Online (treesandshrubsonline.
Other species in genus
- Salix aegyptiaca
- Salix alba
- Salix arbutifolia
- Salix arctica
- Salix aurita
- Salix babylonica
- Salix 'Boydii'
- Salix caesia
- Salix candida
- Salix caprea
- Salix cinerea
- Salix cordata
- Salix daphnoides
- Salix discolor
- Salix elaeagnos
- Salix exigua
- Salix fargesii
- Salix fragilis
- Salix glabra
- Salix glaucosericea
- Salix hastata
- Salix herbacea
- Salix hookeriana
- Salix irrorata
- Salix japonica
- Salix jessoensis
- Salix lapponum
- Salix lasiandra
- Salix lindleyana
- Salix lucida
- Salix magnifica
- Salix matsudana
- Salix × meyeriana
- Salix × mollissima
- Salix moupinensis
- Salix myrsinifolia
- Salix myrsinites
- Salix myrtilloides
- Salix nakamurana
- Salix nigra
- Salix nigricans
- Salix petiolaris
- Salix phylicifolia
- Salix purpurea
- Salix pyrenaica
- Salix pyrifolia
- Salix repens
- Salix reticulata
- Salix rigida
- Salix × rubra
- Salix sachalinensis
- Salix × sepulcralis
- Salix × sericans
- Salix sericea
- Salix silesiaca
- Salix starkeana
- Salix × subalpina
- Salix triandra
- Salix uva-ursi
- Salix wilhelmsiana
- Salix amygdaloides
- Salix arbuscula
- Salix bockii
- Salix gracilistyla
- Salix lanata
- Salix pentandra
- Salix retusa
- Salix scouleriana
- Salix viminalis
Tree to 18 m, 0.2–0.8 m dbh; of upright, almost fastigiate habit, but when in leaf the crown becomes pendulous. Bark greyish, thick and deeply furrowed. Branchlets slender, ribbed and grey. Leaves deciduous, 3–10(–15) × 0.5–1.5 cm, linear-lanceolate, vivid green to silver and glabrous on both surfaces, lateral veins indistinct, margins serrate, apex acuminate; petiole 0.1–0.15 cm long, slightly pubescent; stipules absent, or small and caducous. Inflorescences coetaneous, pendulous, borne on leafy axillary branchlets 5–7 cm long. Staminate catkins 3–10 0.6–1 cm, bracts tawny, stamens five to eight per flower. Pistillate catkins shorter. Capsule brown, 0.4–0.5 cm long. Flowering September to November, fruiting October to December (Chile). Rodríguez R. et al. 1983, Newsholme 1992. Distribution ARGENTINA; BOLIVIA; BRAZIL; CHILE; COLOMBIA; COSTA RICA; ECUADOR; EL SALVADOR; GUATEMALA; HONDURAS; MEXICO; NICARAGUA; PANAMA; PERU. Naturalised across the Caribbean and in Australia. Habitat Wetlands by rivers, lakes and estuaries, between 0 and 600 m asl. USDA Hardiness Zone 9–10. Conservation status Not evaluated. Illustration Rodríguez R. et al. 1983; NT769. Taxonomic note Newsholme (1992) maintains S. chilensis as distinct from S. humboldtiana, though he suggests that it may be a hybrid, with S. humboldtiana and the European S. alba (introduced into Argentina in the early-twentieth century) as the parents.
Salix humboldtiana is bluntly described by Newsholme (1992) as ‘rather coarse, without any special ornamental quality’, and he says that it is very susceptible to frost. It is regarded as an invasive weed in Australia and in parts of the Caribbean (Global Compendium of Weeds 2007). With all this encouragement it is improbable that it would be widely planted even if material became available. It is however well established at Benmore, from a collection made in Chile (Región X) in 1997 by M. Gardner and A. Newton (no. 46). The denigrated Australian weed is apparently principally a fastigiate male clone, ‘Pyramidalis’, spreading vegetatively (Weeds Australia 2008).
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